Tuesday, December 11, 2007
Saturday, December 8, 2007
Farewell
In Christ,
Amelia
GMOs continued
-Safety
Safety is a huge issue. Do we really know if there could be long term affects to our bodies, the plants or animals, and the world….no. We can assume that there aren’t any, but we don’t know for sure. Using plants that contain vaccines could affect our allergies or the way that antibiotics react in our bodies. Cross pollination of plants could cause a lot of damage if those plants meant for non-vaccinated production contained the vaccination.
-Economy
How can we stop a few companies from dominating sales and becoming a oligopoly in this industry? That would be very difficult since only a few companies deal with this type of technology and science. Would third world countries become mostly dependent on the larger countries that are willing to help feed them and take care of them? Possibly, so that’s not helping these other countries develop at all.
-Ethics
Many people think that it’s wrong to change the genetic make-up of plants and animals. They say that genetics have been set in place for a reason and that is something put shouldn’t be messed with. Seriously though, if we have the ability to help people and benefit the world without doing anything morally wrong, why not do it. It’s one way to help save the world.
-Reasoning
Many people are also afraid that the technologies will become prejudice. Only countries with the right resources can make GMOs and some people are afraid that their motives will be to gain wealth. The technologies may only be used by certain countries and new technologies would only be developed in the interest of those countries needs or wants.
After looking at all of these major negative points, I would actually say that the good outways the bad in this case. So many benefits can come out of changing the genes. I guess I’m a little biased though because my major is plant genetics and breeding. Oh well, you all now know where I stand.
Friday, December 7, 2007
Low-fat Holidays
The holidays are a struggling dieter’s nightmare. With carry-ins, gift exchanges, and family gatherings, it seems as if everywhere you go, you’re surrounded by delicious holiday treats (baked with love and lots and lots of calories.) My holiday weakness: cheesecake. I just can’t resist. So I found a reduced fat cheesecake recipe that I’ll be bringing to all my holiday gatherings.
This light cheesecake is subtly flavored with peppermint, which makes it an ideal holiday dessert. Sprinkle some crushed candy canes on top for an extra minty flavor and crunch.
1/2 cup low fat Honey Graham Cracker crumbs (4 sheets)
1 8-ounce package reduced fat cream cheese, softened
1 8-ounce package fat-free cream cheese, softened
1/2 cup sugar
1 egg
2 egg whites
1 1/2 tsp peppermint extract
2-3 drops red food coloring (optional)
Mini candy canes to garnish
Preparation:
Preheat oven to 350 degrees.
In a sealed plastic bag, crush cracker sheets with a rolling pin to make crumbs. Spray an 8-inch springform or loose-bottomed baking pan with nonstick spray. Cover pan base and side with foil wrap.
Press cracker crumbs on to base of pan. Bake for 8 minutes.
In a large bowl, beat cream cheese and sugar together, mixing until smooth. Add egg and mix well. Beat in egg whites one at a time. Add peppermint extract and, if desired, food coloring to make a light pink color.
Pour cream cheese mixture into pan. Place cheesecake in a shallow roasting pan. Add enough hot water to cover the base of the roasting pan. The steam will help stop the cheesecake from cracking. Bake for 30-35 minutes until center is almost set. Cool in pan for 15 minutes, then remove from pan (leaving it on the base). Cool completely on a wire rack. Refrigerate for at least 4 hours. Serve chilled.
Makes 8 servings.
Per Serving: Calories 195, Calories from Fat 73, Total Fat 8g (sat 4.4g), Cholesterol 49mg, Sodium 227mg, Carbohydrate 25g, Fiber 0.5g, Protein 5.5g
Wednesday, December 5, 2007
Genetically Modified Organisms
For farmers, GMOs are very important. With weed resistant, drought resistant, and disease resistant plants, less herbicides and pesticides are sprayed on the crops. This saves the farmer money while increasing crop production and yield per acre.
Tuesday, December 4, 2007
Define "Diet"
My friend’s sister is studying to be some sort of nutritionist. For one of her projects, she got a group together to interview us and sort of have a group discussion about nutrition and dieting and what we think about it. I came to some realizations about the modern concept of dieting.
When the concept of dieting comes to mind, the logical assumption “eating less” immediately follows. When did “eating healthy” become a less important aspect of dieting? When you go on a diet, instead of cutting out the snacks, shouldn’t it be more important to make sure everything you eat is healthy? Reducing your intake of food to a bare minimum might make you lose a few pounds, but it also increases the chance of vitamin deficiency and, past a certain point, malnutrition. Dieting shouldn’t mean starving yourself, but that’s the twisted view today’s society has warped it into.
There are a lot of “fad” diets out there. Atkins, all-carb, all-protein, no-carb, dairy diet…there’s so many advertised diets out on the market today. These diets make you change your eating habits, which is good. That’s what a diet should do. But its not good to completely cut out one area of nutrition or to substantially increase another area. Atkins discourages eating fruit because of the sugar in fruit, but isn’t fruit part of a healthy diet? A no-carb diet may sound good, but doesn’t the traditionally-accepted food pyramid put wheats and grains (aka, big source of carbs) as the base of good nutrition? If a person is willing to alter their eating habits to suit one of these particular “diets,” why not set up a balanced meal routine instead?
Dieting isn’t coupled with exercise enough. If you care enough to diet, you should care enough about your overall health. Exercising would help. Lose a couple pounds, reduce stress, build muscle…while most people are concerning themselves with their starvation-diets, very few individuals realize that exercising increases health while also accomplishing that goal of losing a few pounds.
When did the core concept of dieting become so vague in today’s world? Is dieting eating less, eating healthier, eating certain food? Is it about the weight you lose or the habits you change? Is it skipping the morning snack, or is it replacing the muffin with carrot sticks? At the end of the day, I guess “diet” is defined by the individual as what makes you feel good about yourself.
Saturday, December 1, 2007
Cancer
Nathan has a rare type of cancer called clear-cell sarcoma. It is very aggressive and has begun spreading through his lymphatic system. The doctors are stunned by its aggressiveness and its lack of response to chemotherapy. Treatments options seem to vary from doctor to doctor which is really frustrating to my family and me. Why is it that doctors always have differing opinions? Oh well. All I can do is pray that something works.
I went and saw Nathan today in the hospital in Indianapolis. He looks so thin and pale, almost like a skeleton, but he’s hanging in there. His story is very tragic because he was in the Navy and was training to be a Navy Seal. He had been at the top of his game, taking out submarines, and being as physically and mentally fit as ever before. Then this happens and the only question to ask is why. The answer, I will never know. All I want is for him to get better and be healed.
Everyone knows how bad cancer is, but it never really hits you until you are directly affected by it in some way. In this case, I see its destructive power and how it literally sucks the life out of its victims. The scary thing today is that you never know who it will hit. All ages are susceptible and, as in this case, it doesn’t seem to matter what type of diet a person has, healthful or not.
Cancer is a group of cells that are grow and divide without respect to normal growth limits, invade and destroy nearby tissues, and spread to other locations in the body. Almost all cancers are cause by mutations of genetic material in the body and in the US cancer is responsible for 25% of all deaths. Scary huh?
Friday, November 30, 2007
Pilates for Pink
I just read about one of the coolest new charities, Pilates for Pink. SHAPE magazine and The Breast Cancer Research Foundation have joined forces to raise money and awareness for breast cancer. The initiative includes custom-created Pilates for Pink products, an online charity auction, and Pilates for Pink classes at participating Pilates studios across the country. The project was kicked off by SHAPE’s Pilates for Pink Festival in Union Square, New York. 100% of proceeds from this event went to benefit The Breast Cancer Research Foundation. Pilates is more than just the latest fitness fad. To me, it represents strength and empowerment for women. Women who respect and care for their bodies should realize the importance of breast cancer awareness.
Thursday, November 29, 2007
Holiday Health
I’m so ready for it.
It’s coming.
Holidays. I love ‘em.
As someone genuinely interested in staying healthy, I should probably fear and despise the holidays. The time of year when people eat too much of the wrong stuff, eat too little of the healthy stuff, get lazy about working out, relax their health habits…you know how it goes. Holidays are like a gateway drug into laziness and being unhealthy…once you start, you keep going. They can make all the New Year’s resolutions they want, but its hard to get back from the holiday mode, and very rarely happens. Despite all this, I will openly admit to loving Turkey Day and Christmas and New Year’s. I could encourage you to make conscious healthy choices about what you eat, because I will wholeheartedly admit that I won’t even attempt such a feat myself. And I can’t encourage early morning runs or workouts, because there’s no way I would leave my warm bed to get all sweaty and stuff either. So, how do I attempt healthy holidays?
While I will not discourage accepting the second helping of mashed potatoes or buttering that biscuit, I will encourage eating those peas and carrots. Everyone puts corn or green beans or some sort of vegetable on their holiday table every year, and every year, its virtually untouched at the end of the meal. Rather than joining in on the aunties’ card game after the meal, I recommend playing with the kid cousins or taking a walk. Keep candy out of the open. If there’s candy available, it will get eaten; if there’s candy available but only after exerting a little effort, it’s much less likely to get consumed as quickly.
Also, the best part of this time of year is that there’s plenty of stuff to do outside. Ice skating totally qualifies as a workout, and its tons of fun. If there’s snow, sledding is good too. If you live in a big city, walk around downtown one night. Exercise, and cities are always pretty during Christmas. Christmas caroling is fun with friends and family, even if they make you stand in the back because you can’t sing.
Most important is when you come back from the holidays. People naturally slip into lazy habits, and its hard to come back from there. My easiest way of dealing with it is to have a workout buddy before I go home for the holidays. If you’re only held accountable to yourself after the holidays, chances are that little voice in your head will let you off the hook if you don’t feel like working out. If there’s actually another physical being nagging you to get up and workout, you’re a thousand times more likely to listen to it. I know people who also put up a picture of their spring break dream-swimsuit in January to encourage working out.
Monday, November 26, 2007
Skinny Crazy
I read today about Brittney Spears’s latest addiction: LipoDissolve. It’s a process in which doctors inject soybean derivatives into the body’s fatty areas. The procedure is said dissolve fat cells in a matter of weeks. Spears’s sources have even been quoted as saying “It’s like a tummy tuck without surgery.” We all know about Brittney Spears’s laundry list of bizarre endeavors, and this is certainly not the weirdest of her weird. The scary part, however, is it’s not just Brittney Spears participating in Hollywood’s latest weight loss trend. The trendy Las Vegas spa Spears was caught entering is catering to the rich and famous daily. Walking in fat and flabby and walking out fit and fabulous without a bit of the work, sounds like a dream come true. But shooting needles full of unknown substances into my body sounds just a little scary to me. Reading about the disturbing lengths Hollywood’s hottest are willing to go to leaves me with little hope for the young girls who look up to the ever shrinking starlets.
Saturday, November 24, 2007
I'm Learning
My first piece of advice is read anything and be objective about everything. The world is full of doctors speculating about the true secret to weight loss. One thing everyone can agree on, however, is that every person is different. What works for me may not work for you. So, experiment until you find the diet and exercise routine that is right for you. But whatever you do, they must come hand in hand.
Here, lies my second piece of advice maintain a healthy diet while also exercising. If you only diet, or only exercise, the progress is slow and can easily become frustrating. Maintaining healthy eating habits provides you with more energy to exercise and better fuels your body for the rest of the day. Conversely, exercising gives you motivation to maintain those healthy eating habits. Who wants to eat a greasy cheeseburger after sweating it out in the gym? That’s a big waste of a lot of time and energy.
My most important piece of advice, however, is to love yourself enough never to give up. I had to learn to accept the body I had, before I could work to change it. I realized that, a change fueled by self-hatred will never be successful. 4 pounds in 10 weeks may not sound like a lot to you, but it’s a step in the right direction and a start that I’m very proud of.
Holiday Over-Eating
My mom is an amazing cook, and although I’m not far behind her, she still smokes me! There are those that can cook out of cook books and those that can cook by family recipes with some talent, and then there are those who I like to qualify as “dump cooks.” These are the cooks that have a general idea of what they desire to create and the head knowledge to make it fabulous by simply dumping in the ingredients. Unbelievable I know, but that’s what my mom is, and she is fantastic at it.
So now you understand my dilemma. When I come home, I don’t just sit down to Thanksgiving dinner. I sit down to a Thanksgiving feast. This makes it extremely difficult to keep the pounds off. I know that some of you can relate. There’s nothing’ like what momma makes, right?
I’ll admit, I didn’t hold back either. I kept telling myself I was going to finish the last tiny sliver of apple pie, mind you, I was taste testing pecan, pumpkin, and apple pie. I literally had to sleep off my meal because I was stuffed to the brim. Bad idea I know, but it was definitely worth it.
Unfortunately, the eating doesn’t stop there. Tomorrow is my cousin’s fiancé’s bridal shower….more cookies, cake, and the good stuff, white chocolate covered pretzels. So how do I plan on keeping my weight down? That’s the tough question, but I think I have the solution and some helpful tips.
-Next week, I will continue to run with my friend Mandi. We are up to three miles, by the way, and it gets easier every week! (It might be a little tougher this week with those extra pounds on though.)
-I will also eat more fruits and vegetables and less carbs such as bread, pasta, and potatoes.
-I will drink water or a fruit drink in place of my usual afternoon snack.
With these three tips, I’ll be on my way to the road to recovery. Just in time for Christmas, but we’ll see how that goes. Yay for self-control! Good luck to you this Christmas season, and if you have any tips on how to keep the pounds off, please share and let’s help each other and spread some Christmas cheer!
Friday, November 23, 2007
Random Facts
Wednesday, November 21, 2007
Okuma's Chinese Wu-Long Tea
Personally, I don’t promote weight loss like this. I think that there are better ways to have a leaner figure; however, I do have a friend who really struggles with her weight and she works out everyday and eats lots of fruits and vegetables. Normally, I would also tell you not to take a supplement or drink that will help you lose weight. Surprisingly, in this case I have not seen a lot of negatives of Wu-Long Tea and since it is all natural and scientifically supported, I say go for it. If you are really struggling with your weight and you need a boost of energy, give this tea a try.
Not only does this tea burn calories for you, it also reduces the fattening effects of carbs, clears your face of acne and clarifies the skin, helps fight signs of aging, enhances teeth strength, boosts your immune system, and promotes brain activity.
If I weren’t a poor college student, I would give this tea a try and let you know what I thought. However, the price of the tea is not bad at all. This really good tea with amazing benefits is sold for only 37 dollars which provides a two month supply. That is fairly reasonable, and I don’t know about you guys, but I believe everything that Rachael Ray says. Ok, maybe not but there are a lot of good testimonies. Click here for more details.
At this site, you can also order the tea from China and explore some more information about it as well its scientific side.
Saturday, November 17, 2007
Cranberry Craze
I was looking at my plate of food with eyes bulging and my stomach told me to dig in. All of the wonderful holiday flavors delighted my taste buds and hit the spot. However, as I looked at my plate, I realized that there wasn’t a lot of healthful food. Vegetables yes, but not enough to balance out the buttery mashed potatoes. The pecan pie was wonderful but are there no sweets that even hint to a healthy diet.
But wait, there I saw it. Ah yes, that famed sauce that is now a tradition, cranberry sauce. Of course the dining court didn’t serve anything that tasted like grandma’s but it was good none-the-less, and I felt satisfaction in knowing that I was eating something that would benefit me.
In my willingness to justify all the high carb foods I had eaten that night, I looked to the benefits of cranberries. Luckily, I can now eat more cranberry sauce with my pecan pie and know that my body will thank me someday.
Cardio:Preliminary research shows that cranberries have the ability to decrease total cholesterol and LDL, or bad cholesterol, and increase blood flow.
Cancer:Cranberries are rich in flavonoids. These phytonutrients have been shown to inhibit certain types of cancer.
Ulcers:
New research suggests compounds found in Cranberries may inhibit ulcer-causing bacteria from sticking to the stomach wall.
Anti-Aging:Polyphenolic compounds found in Cranberry may help to protect against neurodegenerative diseases, and the memory and coordination losses often associated with aging.
Infection:The Proanothcyanidins found in Cranberries can prevent urinary tract infections by inhibiting E. coli bacteria from attaching to the urinary tract wall. The National Kidney Foundation recommends drinking at least one large glass of cranberry juice a day to help maintain urinary tract health.
Thanksgiving isn’t the only time that you should eat cranberries or drink cranberry juice and reap its benefits. There are many different flavors of juice and other cranberry products, such as craisins, that make eating cranberries enjoyable all year round. So take advantage of those opportunities and help your body reach a healthier level!
Why You Should Eat Bananas
Bananas are one of the best fruits to eat when attempting to lose weight. They are full of nutrients for increased energy and vitality. Because Bananas have high content of potassium they are able to reduces the weight of water in a body. A banana contains three natural sugars - sucrose, fructose and glucose. These natural sugars combined with fiber in a banana give an instant, continuous and large boost of energy. According to research two bananas provide enough energy for an exhausting 90-minute workout.
But energy isn't the only thing we get out of eating a banana. It can also help prevent a number of illnesses and conditions.
Tired of being depressed, then you got to eat bananas. According to a recent survey undertaken by MIND amongst people suffering from depression, many felt much better after eating a banana. The reason to that is because bananas contain a type of protein that the body converts into serotonin, known to make you relax, improve your mood and generally make you feel happier.
This got to make you want to eat Bananas; it has been proven that banana is a source of Brain Power. This research has shown that because banana is potassium-packed fruit it can assist learning by making pupils more alert.
I am sure no one likes mosquito bites. If you are the type of person who don’t appreciate rubbing a chemically formulated cream on you skin. Then you got to appreciate bananas; rubbing the affected area with the inside of a banana skin can reduce swelling and irritation of mosquito bites.
Stress can cause our metabolic rate to rises by reducing our potassium levels. And as I said previously Bananas have high content of potassium; Potassium is a vital mineral, it helps normalize the heartbeat by sending oxygen to the brain. So to reduce stress it is advised to eat bananas.
Friday, November 16, 2007
I avoid candy and eat fruits and vegetables. I drink eight glasses of water a day and take a multivitamin. I live for hundred calorie snack packs and guzzle V8, but I’m not on a diet. You know why? Because diets don’t work. Sure you may have lost 10 pounds on the Zone. But as soon as your old eating habits return, so will your fat jeans. When it comes to weight loss, there is no easy button. You have to commit 100% to changing your lifestyle. Diets imply short terms of starvation and deprivation in search of the perfect waist line. Unless you make healthy eating a permanent part of your life, however, you’ll remain a prisoner to a lifetime of yo-yo dieting. It’s easy to look at celebrities and other women and think that it comes so easy for them. The truth is, however, most of these women work really hard to maintain the bodies you covet. I’m not going to lie to you and say that trading in my Reese’s for broccoli was easy, mainly because most of you would recognize my bull shit and stop reading this. Changing the way you eat, the choices you make, and your portion sizes is difficult. But trust me, its well worth it. Since changing I eat, I have more energy and feel better about myself. So here’s a few of my “healthy eating habits” tips.
Keep a few mini 3 musketeers bars on hand. With only 60 calories a piece, they’re just enough chocolate to satisfy any craving.
Redefine your definition of dessert. A slice of angel food cake topped with fresh strawberries and low fat whipped cream can be a sweet ending to a healthy meal.
Remember, no one is perfect. Everyone has days where eating healthy is just not an option. Move on and keep working hard. It will pay off; I promise.
Wednesday, November 14, 2007
Thanksgiving
There are so many great things about Thanksgiving. Family, friends, memories. And what better way to enjoy these things than bringing them together around a feast of fabulous food.
The feast at my house begins with my entire family sitting down around the table (big table), and everyone says what they are thankful for. This is a great time of reflection on the past year and the great things that people have done for us. Then my grandpa says a prayer, and the kids race to the kitchen and dig in.
There we all are stuffing our faces with the traditional foods like turkey, mashed potates, homemade crescent rolls, cranberry sauce, green bean casserole, corn casserole, a veggie tray, and of course pumpkin pie with whippped cream and pecan pie. With all that food, how can I say no. Seriously, I could eat an entire pecan pie plus at least 5 crescent roles on top of everything else. It's times like these that I wish my stomach was a crater.
I could advise you to try eating lowfat pumpkin pie or go without the whipped cream. You could try using less butter in the mashed potatoes. Just skip over the crescent rolls or eat them without all that butter. However, I am a person that tries to not be hypocritical so I won't advise you because there is no way I'm sacrificing the smooth creamy taste of my mashed potatoes. But I can tell you to keep up your workout. Now that doesn't mean you can completely stuff yourself because you know you're going to workout later. Just remember, it's all about staying active whether it's playing with the cousins or power walking with your brother or sister.
Eating wonderful food that you wait for all year shouldn't make you feel guilty or sad after you eat it. Enjoy these times and use your head. Before the big meal, eat light, lots of fruits and vegetables. Don't stop working out hard and try doing a few more reps than normal. When you are eating Thanksgiving dinner, eat in moderation and eat slow so your stomach fills up faster and the food settles. That way, you will eat less. And most importantly, enjoy your food savoring each bite as a special burst of flavor. I know it sounds corny, but you'll get a lot more out of eating and a lot less extra weight afterwards.
Sunday, November 11, 2007
Dieting vs. Healthy Eating: There is a Difference!
Dieting is a restrictive and selective form of choosing the foods one consumes…and it’s enough to drive a person mad!
The major problem with diets is that they are only temporary. Most people find that the weight shed from dieting is too easily gained back after their diet has been ended. As stated in a Honoluluadvertiser.com article, “Diets can be boring and there's always a temptation to return to old habits. People who lose too much too soon don't learn to make the overall lifestyle changes — eating healthier foods and exercising regularly — that are necessary to keep their weight stable.”
Sure, there are so many successful diets out there, but what’s the point of dieting if all that hard work doesn’t pay off in the end?
Since a diet can’t last for the rest of your life, the only solution to losing weight, and keeping it off, is to change eating patterns by making healthy eating a lifestyle—not a phase. This sort of eating shouldn’t involve obsessive calorie counting or too restrictive a food selection. It should, however, involve good judgment. Judge when you are hungry or full, and judge how often you feel you should be eating junk. Ask yourself, should I really be eating this cookie even though I went out to ice cream with my friends last night?
Here are some tips for incorporating healthy eating for everyday from the IFIC website:
1) Begin each day with a nutritious breakfast: This will provide you with energy from the very start of your day.
2) Choose smart snacks: look for pretzels, fruit, and celery with peanut butter for a quick fixer-upper. On occasion it’s OK to grab a cookie or chips if other meals have been smart.
3) Balance your selection of food: You don’t have to completely give up junk food, just be smart about the quantity of intake. Make sure you are getting all the sources of vitamins and minerals you need, then look for enjoyment in deserts once in a while.
4) Eat nutritiously with friends and family: It’s much easier to make eating a healthy habit if people around you are doing it, especially people close to you.
5) Eat more grains, fruits, and vegetables: These foods are loaded with energy from carbs, vitamins, minerals, and fiber to help with promoting an active lifestyle.
Saturday, November 10, 2007
Pineapple Upside-Down Cake
I know I should eat more pineapple though since it’s really good for me. So I tried a few recipes. I tried a pineapple pie and a pineapple upside-down cake. The pie was good, but it was really sweet. I recommend the upside-down cake. It tastes great, is fun to make and it’s pretty healthy. I actually made it for one of my classes when I gave a presentation on pineapple. It was a hit with everybody!
Click here for the recipe.
You can use the cake recipe they give you but I just used a yellow cake mix and poured it over the pineapple-brown sugar icing.
Pineapple: Grow Your Own!
Friday, November 9, 2007
Now that my classes are kicking in their pre-thanksgiving exams and project deadlines, I'm beginning to feel the pressure. I finally understand the expression, "Buried in work," because every time I finish something, I think of how much more work I have yet to do. Ok, so yes, the pressure has been building up in my little world. I've been overwhelmed, tired, and rather grumpy. (OK, very grumpy.) I usually respond well to pressure and stress, but I couldn't find a vent for it anyway. Normally a long run helps and puts a smile on my face for a little while; I ran for 6 miles and didn't get the desired results. That's the first time in my life running hasn't helped.
Then God sent me a solution. I got a phone call from a girl I went to high school with. She's the happiest person I have ever known. She's always smiling, laughing, and seems like she's in a perpetual hypercaffeinated state. Just talking to her for an hour completely changed my attitude, and I couldn't stop laughing at everything. And I discovered something.
This friend is completely detached from anything happening at my college or in my classes...a conversation with her is a literal getting away without the physical getting away. I was in a completely different world from Purdue, and I think that made the difference. I wasn't talking to someone who had just as much homework as me, who was just as stressed. I was getting away.
I've always heard that taking a break when stressed helps. Most people recommend working out when taking this break, so I assumed they felt better just because of the exercise and the happy endorphins and such. I usually ran to relieve stress, so I never saw how just taking a break and talking to friends helped also. There's something about removing yourself from the problem for a while and then re-approaching it later. It just clears your mind. So my advice to my fellow stressed student population: take a break, close the books, and forget about it all for a while. GET AWAY.
Don't Worry, Be Happy
As a health blog, we focus so much on the physical aspect of a healthy life. As important as it is to keep your body healthy, I believe it is just as important to focus on mental health. After experiencing a traumatic event this weekend myself, I realized that the physical bruises were not the only pain I felt after the accident. If you have read my most recent post, you know that I was recently involved in a car accident that could have cost me my life. Forgetting and moving on from a traumatic event is not an easy thing to do. I’m haunted daily by vivid memories of the crash and plagued by the guilt that it was all my fault. Luckily, I was the only one in my car and no one else was involved in the crash. However, if you’ve ever been involved in a traumatic event, you know that logical advice such as “It’s all over now” or “It could have been a lot worse” do not make the memories go away or overcoming the event any easier. Wednesday night I reached a breaking point and went home to see a counselor. She told me that I may be suffering from a mild case of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, a natural reaction to any traumatic event. She suggested that I get back to my normal life and to try driving again, something I did not want to do. As scared as I was, facing my fear of driving made a big difference my being able to move on with my life.
PTSD is just one of many mental disorders that affect thousands of Americans. If you feel you may be suffering from a mental disorder, it’s important to get help. Visiting a counselor is a good place to start. In many situations, simply talking to someone can make enough of a difference. Remember that you do not have to suffer silently. For more information the website of the National Institute of Mental Health is a wonderful resource.
Thursday, November 8, 2007
The Goods About Pineapple
Tuesday, November 6, 2007
Seasonal Suggestions
Ok, yes, maybe I do deserve a Nobel Prize for noticing that it does get colder in November. I’m a genius, I know. As the seasons transition from pretty fall to the holiday-filled winter, we're stuck in this cold, snowless, ugly, gray, pre-winter, post-fall weather. My few suggestions to keep healthy in the cold:
- A HAT. You lose most of your body heat through your head; a hat is essential to staying warm, especially on windy days.
- A WINDBREAKER. You can layer on the sweatshirt and coats, but unless they protect you from the wind, you’re still going to freeze. A windbreaker is a good investment that will go a long way to keeping you warm on those walks to class.
- THERMAL PANTS. I recommend Underarmor spandex leggings. Most people pile on sweatshirt, gloves, hats, and scarves on their upper body, but then stroll to class in just jeans to protect their legs from the cold. Last year I discovered that spandex leggings under my jeans provided extra warmth without looking ridiculous.
- ALTER WORKOUT HABITS. This really applies to those who work out outside, by playing basketball, running, or such. But here’s a shocker: it does get colder as the sun sets, which is evidently around 6:30pm-ish nowadays. Cold weather is fun, but working out hard in it on a regular basis is BAD. Labored breathing in open cold weather scrapes your throat and lungs, which is why most cases of sports-induced asthma are developed in the winter. So start working out inside some more, lift weights instead of playing ball, workout earlier when its warmer, etc.
Sunday, November 4, 2007
Need Stress Relief?
Working out is my way of relieving stress when life gets a little overwhelming, but there are others to help you cope. Try to identify things in your life that cause stress like work, driving, or your significant other. Knowing the source can help you balance it out with positive things in your life. Don’t be afraid to share your feelings and set yourself up for personal success to beat the stress problems.
Here are some tips to boost your body and mind while dealing with stress.
-Eat a healthy diet. Well-nourished bodies are better prepared to cope with stress, so be mindful of what you eat. Start your day right with breakfast, and keep your energy up and your mind clear with balanced, nutritious meals throughout the day.
-Reduce caffeine and sugar. The temporary "highs" caffeine and sugar provide often end in with a crash in mood and energy. By reducing the amount of coffee, soft drinks, chocolate, and sugar snacks in your diet, you’ll feel more relaxed and you’ll sleep better.
-Avoid alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs. Self-medicating with alcohol or drugs may provide an easy escape from stress, but the relief is only temporary. Don’t avoid or mask the issue at hand; deal with problems head on and with a clear mind.
-Get enough sleep. Adequate sleep fuels your mind, as well as your body. Feeling tired will increase your stress because it may cause you to think irrationally
Don’t be afraid to help yourself out because when your body feels better, your mind feels better.
Saturday, November 3, 2007
“Low –Fat” equal to “Eat more”
You might be surprised as I am. The obvious truth bends this is that; we human tend to underestimate the amount of calories in Low- Fat snacks. Therefore we consume them with out no worry until we please. The research also found this to be true.
Snacks are generally designed to be portable, quick and satisfying. Which means that they are prepare to be more appealing. Also when they are made Low-Fat we get the illusion that we are entitled to eat more of them. Because we holed true every thing that is Low-Fat is healthy.
Sure, “The Low-Fat snacks had 59 percent less fat .But they only contain 15 percent fewer calories pre serving.”According to Janet Helm a dietitian and nutrition consultant. Well, this leads us to say “Low –Fat” is not equal to “Low–Calorie.”
According to abcNEWS, The study summarizes that low fat labels give people the mental permeation to eat more. In simple words when a food is made Low –Fat we feel less guilty and eat more. Here are some ways to avoid the Low-Fat trap given by Janet Helm.
· Do not let “low fat” dominate your decision about snacks.
· Resist the temptation to eat directly from a package. Always portion food out in to a plate or a bowl so you see exactly how much you are eating.
· Keep tempting treats out of sight and out of mind.
· Replace the cookie jar on your kitchen countertop with a bowl of fresh Fruit.
· Pour yourself a tall glass of water when the urge to snack strikes. You may find that you where really thirsty rather than Hungry.
· Skip the urge to nibble when you’re bored, frustrated or stressed. Instead of reaching into the fridge, go for a walk or call a friend
For more visit absnews.go.com
So Important
At first, the image of the crash kept replaying over and over in my head and I just wished that I could forget. But now, I’m glad that I remember. I can tell you, and one day my kids, the importance of always wearing your seat belt. If just one person reads this and starts wearing their seat belt, I will be happy. Trust me, life starts to mean a whole lot more when you see it all flash before your eyes.
So here’s my advice, take time to appreciate the ones you love, don’t sweat the small stuff, and always, always buckle up.
Number One Reason Not to Become Overweight
This is insane! This poor man. Evidently, he suffers from a rare genetic disorder called Prader-Willi Syndrome, that creates a chronic hunger feeling that may lead to overeating and possibly life-threatening obesity. There are some people who may not have an excuse for their obesity however in which case, they are just disgustingly fat.
This is a perfect example of why you shouldn’t let your eating get the best of you. I can not imagine the embarrassment and sorrow this man must feel. If I had to be lifted by a forklift from my bed and was large enough to be covered by not just a blanket but a huge tarp, I don’t think I could recover from my shame.
I know that weight is a struggle and don’t get me wrong, I feel bad for this guy, but when you get that overweight, it is completely unnecessary and gross. I just hope he can recover and become a normal member of society again.
Just remember, keep your weight under control or the forklift could come to you!
Friday, November 2, 2007
Need a Boost?
Is an energy drink really the answer to an alternate energy source for my body? Well, I think I found an energy drink that will amaze you. It’s called Enviga. Put out by Nestle and Coca-Cola, Enviga claims to not only give you energy but it burns calories! In fact, it claims negative calories. A Swedish study proved that drinking three Envigas per day will burn anywhere from 50 to 100 calories a day. Another plus is that this drink it made from green tea which means that it contains antioxidants. It also comes in great flavors such as Peach and Berry. This is great, an energy boost, great flavor, and free calorie burning.
Thanks to Enviga, I can stay awake till the wee hours of the morning and feel good about what I’m putting into my body as I lose weight not trying. Sounds like a package deal to me. Enjoy!
What’s your favorite energy drink and why? Let me know in case I need to switch drinks but still have a healthy alternative.
Freshman Pounds
As a college freshmen, I am anxious for next summer. Next summer, all my friends who went to various different colleges will come home, and we’ll be together again…and I can see who got fat and gained more than their freshman fifteen!
Health and fitness is all about habit; good habits make healthy people, bad habits make not-so-healthy people. When making a healthy change like a diet, you have a better chance of sticking to it if you make those healthy foods a habit, right? Well, I have a theory about habit and this freshman fifteen thing. I think that those people who were active in high school, like the athletes or those who worked out all the time, will gain less of the freshman poundage. Think about it…those who were active in high school habitually set aside time to be active. Their bodies were used to being in motion all the time. They weren’t used to being lazy all the time. I believe this body memory won’t let these ex-athletes sit around all the time and do nothing. I believe that this group of people will be more driven to keep some sort of fitness routine. I believe that their former habits will come back to haunt them.
I’m not saying that these people won’t gain any weight; there’s no way they’re going to come back nice and svelte like they were back in full training. But I think as an average, they’re going to gain less weight than those who weren’t active in high school.
Thursday, November 1, 2007
An Apple A Day...
In my pursuit of discovering how to live a healthy lifestyle, I called upon the services of my aunt a trained nutritionist and dietician. Not only was I frustrated with the lack of healthy variety in the dining halls here at school but I consider myself generally uneducated about what’s truly healthy and what’s masquerading as health food while packing on tons of hidden calories. My aunt promised to look at the school menus online and send me a general guideline of healthier choices I can make.
She started by asking me general questions about my current eating habits. She told me that it’s important to analyze your current likes and dislikes before trying to create a diet. She pointed out that the most successful diets are not the ones with the best intentions, but the ones that you’ll actually follow through with. If you absolutely detest broccoli, don’t put it on your menu. Because no matter what you tell yourself, if you hate it, chances are you won’t eat it. Now, so concessions must be made. If you don’t like any vegetables at all (and I confess, I don’t like many) you may have to suck it up and eat some veggies. Try lots of different things, you may find that by expanding your tastes just a little you add a lot of new options to your diet plan. Also, eating six small meals a day will help speed up your metabolism and help you feel fuller longer. Finally, do not forbid any foods. I believe that the quickest way to put me on a chocolate rampage is to tell me I can’t ever have it again. My aunt suggested allowing yourself a small dessert three days a week will satisfy any sweet tooth just enough to overcome those cravings.
Quick tips:
- Stay open to new foods.
- Create a small list of things that are healthy to eat on a regular basis.
- Keep your diet plan realistic.
- Eat 5-6 small meals a day.
- Always eat breakfast.
- Eat lean meats and plenty of fiber.
- Stop thinking of it as a "diet". Your changes should be part of a new lifestyle.
- Allow yourself a “cheat day”
Wednesday, October 31, 2007
The Secrets of Skinny Chicks
Despite my greatest efforts, it caught up to me: the dreaded freshman fifteen. I can’t truthfully say I don’t know how I got to this point. I know exactly how it happened, late nights studying, little sleep, little exercise, lots of potato chips. I should have seen it coming, but I preferred to live in denial. No more. I’m taking a stand. If I allow weight gain and unhealthy choices to become a habitual part of my life now, I may never regain control.
I recently posted about the experience I’ve had with my personal trainer. Although having a trainer is not the cure-all for my weight loss problems, I’ve learned a lot from my trainer about how to work out to achieve my goals. I’ve decided that the key to reaching any goal is a solid understanding of what it will take to accomplish it. So I’m taking matters into my own hands and learning as much as I can about what truly makes a healthy lifestyle.
I’m currently reading a book titled The Secrets of Skinny Chicks by Karen Bridson. From the title you may assume that this is a how-to guide promoting all the unhealthy dirty secrets of the Hollywood starlets we see melting away on the covers of the tabloids or a list of the top twenty diet pills on the market. Well, you assumed wrong. The Secrets of Skinny Chicks provides an honest look at what it takes “…to feel great in your favorite jeans- when it doesn’t come naturally.” Bridson puts a fresh spin on the old classic you’ve got to work hard for what you want. She’s smart and funny and lays in all out on the table in her first few chapters. She immediately lets readers know that this is a book about creating a healthy lifestyle; eating disorders and diet pills are not a part of the plan.
Bridson breaks down the eating and exercise habits of twenty “skinny chicks”, real women with real jobs who have to work hard day for the bodies that others so desperately covet. She was adamant not to interview any women to whom weight loss comes easy because 99% of us don’t have a high metabolism nor can we eat whatever we want and not gain a pound. She then gives readers the 50 secrets of skinny chicks with a breakdown of how to make them happen in your life. Bridson is truthful and motivating and turns weight loss into a formula anyone can understand. This is a book for real women who want to make a change in their lives and I highly recommend it.
Saturday, October 27, 2007
Why Eat Pumpkins?
I know what you’re thinking, pie…high calorie, delicious but fattening, and a cause for extra workouts. However, this is not necessarily the case. Pumpkins are actually really good for you.
Here are some stats on what's in one cup of pumpkin puree:
Calories: 80
Carbohydrates: 19 gram
Cholesterol: 0
Fat: less than 1 gram
Potassium: 588 milligrams
Protein: 2.4 grams
Vitamin A: 310% of RDA
Vitamin C: 20% of RDA
Also, did you know that pumpkins are actually up to 90 % water and that they are full of fiber?
Pumpkin seeds are good for you too. They are packed full of minerals and may help protect against prostate cancer and osteoporosis. ¼ cup of seeds contains 1.5 grams of fiber and about 5 grams of carbohydrates.
Pumpkins are really easy to cook too and there are many recipes that contain pumpkin other than pumpkin pie. Check out some of these recipes and see which pumpkin dish you like best!
By myself
I thought that hiring a personal trainer would solve all of my weight loss problems. Put a Band-Aid on the fact that I love to eat and hate to exercise. Money solves everything right? Wrong. Just because I’m paying someone to teach me how to exercise doesn’t mean that I ultimately will. Over the past few weeks, the most important thing I have learned is that anything worth having is worth working for. Exercise, like almost everything else in life, requires 100% hard work 99% of the time (you’ve got to have fun once in a while, right?)
I’ve come to the realization that any change I want to make in myself has to come from within. I recently read about the power of setting goals. I read the story of a man who lost over 200 pounds and it all started with a new year’s resolution. He said suggested something that I feel is very important, writing down your goals. Simply wanting to do something is not enough. It’s a dream, a desire. Putting it on paper gives it power.
So, I’ve decided to reassess my plan. Because what I’m doing just isn’t working. I started by writing a letter to myself, a list of my goals and how I’m going to accomplish them. It’s something I can put away and get out whenever I’m feeling like I just can’t go anymore. In the end, I’ve learned that self motivation is the strongest weapon I have.
Who is the blame?
Stice and the researchers from Stanford university of medicine in there study found that adolescences who turn to drugs, vomiting or an extreme dieting to loss weight are sating the foundation for weight gain .are you one of these people? If then the blame is on. The possible reason for that, they say, is that adolescences who are extremely dieting may have thought they where decreasing there caloric in take when it is not true. Reason “many people who are dieting are already over consuming,” says Stice. “They aren’t dieting effectively enough to make up for the overconsumption.”
The general point here is that, certain weight control behaviors may actually contribute to more gain than other obvious behaviors .so save the “But “and watch your dieting method .
Do you have an over weight parent and are you likely to become over weight? All right, this might be the one you want to here then. According to the psychologist Eric Stice PhD. Adolescents who have obese parents are more likely to become obese. This is true for both for both biological and non-biological parents.
The very obvious reason for this, according to the findings of the study is “combination of genetics “and the other is an environmental factors that influence obesity.
Now that you have the blame for it, wither it is you or your parent in your particular case, what are you going to do about it?
Resource: The American psychological Association (A PA) public Affairs.
A Healthier Halloween
Last night, I was sitting with my family watching our traditional Halloween cartoon, “The Great Pumpkin Charlie Brown”. If you have never seen it, I strongly encourage you too. It’s so cute and really gets me into the Halloween spirit. One of the best things is that this cartoon means that my family and I are going to actually take time out of our busy lives and eat popcorn and candy corns together. What could be better?
Watching this cartoon got me thinking about how unhealthy Halloween is for me though. Even though I’m too old for trick or treating, that definitely doesn’t keep me from eating candy. I love the mini candy bars, especially Snickers, or my personal Halloween favorite, Smarties. Of course, I can’t pass up all the ghoulish deserts and treats at the Halloween parties I attend. All this food talk is already making me feel like I should work out!
Luckily, we don’t have to compensate our over eating by working out more than normal if we use some common sense about eating. Here are a few tips.
To help your body balance all the sugar and fat intake from candy and desserts, eat lots of fruits and vegetable for breakfast and lunch.
If you’re at a Halloween party or you have that whole bag of mini candy bars sitting in front of you, eat in moderation. Even though it’s tempting, eat only one mini bar at a time and dry to limit yourself to, at most, 3 a day. If you are having a lot of trouble with temptation, make sure the candy is out of sight and try to keep yourself busy so you don’t have to dream about eating it. When you go to a party, don’t pile up your plate. Only get as much as you know you can eat without feeling too full.
Drink a lot of water to make up for the sugary drinks that are always at parties such as punch or pop. Drinking a lot of water will also help keep your body hydrated if you are doing a lot of dancing or running from scary people, depending on your situation.
So don’t let your workout keep you from releasing your wild side and dressing up like a crazy person. After all, Halloween is the only time of the year that you can dress up in anything you want and still be considered normal the next day.
Happy Halloween!
Friday, October 26, 2007
Lowfat Nachos Óle!
The hardest part about losing weight for me is giving up all the good food. In my family, whenever we get together there’s always good food, and plenty of it. For many people, food and celebration go hand in hand. Think about it, when you get together with friends what do you do? Go out to dinner, go to the movies (where there’s inevitably popcorn swimming in butter and gallon-sized sodas), or even just order a pizza and talk. No matter what you do, food is usually involved. It’s a fact. Humans need food to survive. But how do you stay healthy without sacrificing the yum factor.
When my friends and I get together we love to go out for Mexican food. I love food from south of the border because it’s packed full of flavor, and unfortunately, calories. But I don’t want to give up a girl’s night tradition! So, I did a little digging. It turns out the internet is full of delicious recipes that turn comfort food into health food (or at least health-ier food). I found a great recipe for low calorie nacho cheese.
Ingredients | |
4 oz. light vanilla soymilk |
Directions |
Place all ingredients in a saucepan and heat stovetop at low-medium heat. Stirring frequently, heat until cheeses have melted and sauce is well mixed and hot. Instead of going out to eat, melt your own cheese and have a fiesta at home. Pair it with some low fat tortilla chips and Óle! you’ve got yourself a party. So go ahead! Stuff yourself until you just can’t eat another bite. With only 50 calories and 1 g of fat per serving (approx. 2 tbsp). This is one gooey, tasty tradition I will definitely be starting with my friends. |
Energy Drinks
I have spent the last month slowly replacing my blood stream with Mountain Dew.
Yes, I confess to replacing sleep with caffeine. That’s not uncommon; coffee drinkers have been doing it for years. Now the market for energy drinks in America is thriving, which is especially obvious on a college campus. Monster, Full Throttle, Red Bull, Mountain Dew…it’s the Super Coffee of the 21st century. Hyper-caffeination in 12 ounces. As far as my mother knows, I don’t drink energy drinks (yes, there’s a lot my mother doesn’t know about me). She says that they’re bad for your heart. As usual, I ignore her and chug my liquid caffeine concentrate.
Last week, my friend had a couple of tests. You know what that means…no sleep, full attention to studying, using the last fiber of energy, which leads to the energy drink. After 3 days and lots and lots of Red Bull, he started shaking. OK, not really shaking, but he was trembling. We were laughing at him trying to write because his hand was shaking so badly. He said he felt funny,like his heart was racing in overdrive. It wasn't scary, we weren't trying to get him to PUSH or anything, but he couldn't control himself. The only possible source we could figure for his reaction was that he had consumed an awful lot of energy drinks, and it was making his system race uncontrollably.
The average cup of coffee has 7.13 mg/oz of caffeine. That's a lot, enough to get most of America to use it to jumpstart their morning. A Red Bull has 9.64 mg/oz. Monster has 10.00 mg/oz. Full Throttle has 9.00 mg/oz, while Fuel Cell has 90.00 mg/oz. That's an awful big kick to your system. Every once in a while, that might be OK, but most people who drink them chug them like water. Caffeine speeds up your body's normal functions, but your body also adjusts to it. The more often you drink caffeine, the more you have to drink to feel the effects. So for the people who chug religiously, their systems are in a constant state of hyperactivity.
Like I said, the energy drink market is on a rise in America. I think in a few years, we will start to see the effects of it. We'll see the people who thrived on energy drinks versus those who didn't, and there will be a definitive difference between the two groups.
Thursday, October 25, 2007
Dangers of the Sun
Cold weather is on its way. But before you bundle up to face the cold, don’t forget the most important layer, sunscreen! With the summer sun gone, you may not think that sunscreen is important anymore. However, with more than 1.6 million Americans diagnosed with skin cancer every year, it’s key to wear sunscreen year round. Even during cold weather, we are subjected to harmful rays that can reflect off snow and other surfaces and cause long-term skin damage.
It seems like all light is the same, but it’s not! UVB light rays are responsible for those nasty summer sunburns. But don’t let yourself fall into a false sense of security when the heat of summer fades away. Although, UVB rays aren’t as strong as the weather cools, we are subjected to UVA lights year round. These rays are responsible for skin cancer and premature aging. Skin protection is critical to keep your skin looking younger, longer. As the skin cancer epidemic continues to grow, many cosmetic companies are working to makes skin protection a part of life rather than a hassle. Buy foundation or lotions with an SPF of at least 15 to keep your face looking beautiful and fresh. Avoid glossy lip glosses with little pigmentation. These simply work as oil directing damaging UV rays to the lips.
If the risk of looking wrinkled and old at a young age is not enough reason to protect your skin from the sun, think about the health risks.
- According to the American Skin Cancer Foundation, skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States.
- One in 5 Americans and one in 3 Caucasians will develop skin cancer in the course of a lifetime.
- More than 90 percent of all skin cancers are caused by sun exposure.
- A person's risk for skin cancer doubles if he or she has had five or more sunburns.
The pressures of young Hollywood lead many to believe that tan is beautiful. A golden glow may be tempting, but is it worth the risk of looking like leather face a few years down the road? To stay young, healthy, and beautiful for life, avoid tanning beds, use a daily sunscreen of SPF 30 or higher (and reapply often), and incorporate skin protection into your daily regimen. So, enjoy the sun--safely!
Saturday, October 20, 2007
The Pomegranate Craze
Pomegranates originated in Eastern Europe and have now spread to the Mediterranean and the US. A juicy pulp and many seeds are contained in this apple-size fruit. It has been known since ancient times to have healing power and was considered to be a fruit of longevity and invincibility, and symbolized coming back from the dead. The reasoning behind these beliefs is unknown, but there is scientific evidence today that proves the health benefits of these popular fruits.
The reason that pomegranate juice is so healthy is that it is filled with antioxidants, more so than any other fruit juice. Many studies have proved that antioxidants help prevent cancer by destroying free-radicals in our bodies, but a recent study proved that they also prevent medical conditions such as fatty deposits clogging arteries, other forms of heart disease, and strokes.
I usually drink pomegranate juice in a mixture with tea. It has an unusual sweet-tart flavor that is actually quite refreshing. You can either buy this mixture in stores or try a recipe for yourself. Here it is.
Pomegranate Punch
Ingredients:
1/2 cup pomegranate juice
1/2 cup orange juice (the freshly squeezed type, if available)
1/2 cup diet grapefruit juice soda (or diet lemon lime soda)
Preparation:
Add all ingredients to a large glass and stir.
Add ice as desired and serve.
Yield:1 serving
Why do we gain weight?
It is very clear that the reason one person gains weight is because of an energy imbalance. And simply in the language of math; weight gain equals to calorie eaten minus calorie burned. When we see this simple linear equation, we would probably say “in that case in order to loss Weight we need to eat less calorie or burn more calories.” Well, in theory it is very well true but not every ones biology and metabolism is similar. Some are resistant to gain weight others aren’t.
According to a study done by Jeff Horowiz an assistant professor of Kinesiology at the University of Michigan; a person with high level of growth in hormone is resistant to gaining weight. The reverse is also true. Horowiz state that the reason hormone helps to resist weight gain is because it increase the activity of body Process which leads to a larger distribution of energy through out the body.
The thing is, although regular exercise helps to increase hormone growth, as we age this voluble part of body process decrease.
Also we can hold our body metabolism accountable for our body weight gain. There are other two more main reasons that are accountable too. Like our environment. To we live in a society who values speed and efficiency; there for a lot of things are not manually monitored and they require less effort. For instances how many of us use the stairs when the elevator is next to it, or how many of us walk on the escalator rather than standing on it and how many of us wake to the TV rather than use the remote control. Perhaps not many of us, the point is unless we make time to exercises, we are not burning in our day to day activities. The other main reason is our life style; what we eat and drink and how active we are. Even if this factor is not an immediate factor, it leads to a gradual weight gain.
Source: University Of Michigan